Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Silent Invader of Joints Early Diagnosis is the Key to Preventing Disability By Dr. Sowmya Kotha, Consultant Rheumatologist, Hyderabad

Joint pain is often dismissed as a natural part of aging, a result of overexertion, or even changing weather. But what if it signals something more serious? In recent years, India has seen a steady rise in cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) — not just among the elderly, but increasingly in younger adults, particularly in urban regions like Hyderabad.

RA is not just “joint pain.” It is a chronic autoimmune condition that can silently attack multiple joints, organs, and systems in the body. If left undiagnosed or untreated, it can significantly impair mobility, reduce quality of life, and lead to permanent joint damage or disability.

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disorder where the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joints. This leads to inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and pain, especially in the small joints of the hands, wrists, and feet. Over time, if not managed, it can lead to joint deformities and functional limitations. Globally, about 1% of the population suffers from RA, with women being three times more likely to develop the condition compared to men.

Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis

The diagnosis of RA starts with recognizing symptoms — such as joint stiffness, swelling, and persistent pain. However, because these symptoms can mimic other types of arthritis or autoimmune diseases, specialized testing is essential. Key diagnostic tools include:

• Blood tests: Rheumatoid Factor (RF), Anti-CCP antibodies
• Imaging: X-rays or ultrasound of affected joints
  Accurate and early diagnosis allows for timely intervention, which is critical in preventing irreversible damage.

Dr Sowmya kotha MBBS (Gandhi),
MD General Medicine ( Osmania) DM Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology ( NIMS) Consultant Rheumatologist Malla Reddy Narayana Multispeciality Hospital

Why Early Detection is Crucial

Early diagnosis of RA can drastically change the course of the disease. Delayed treatment often results in joint destruction and complications outside the joints — such as lung problems, eye dryness, blood vessel inflammation (vasculitis), and heart issues. Thanks to medical advancements, today we have Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and biologics that can control inflammation and slow or stop disease progression. Unfortunately, in my practice in Hyderabad, I’ve seen many patients arrive only after enduring symptoms for months or years. By then, some joint damage is already irreversible. Public awareness and early referral to a rheumatologist can make all the difference.

Modern Rheumatology Care in Hyderabad 

The city of Hyderabad is becoming a hub for advanced rheumatology care. At our clinics, we offer comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, personalized treatment plans, patient education and lifestyle counseling. We emphasize a multidisciplinary approach, combining medications, physiotherapy, and nutrition guidance to improve long-term outcomes.

When Should You See a Rheumatologist?

If you notice the following signs, consult a specialist without delay: pain or swelling in multiple joints, especially in hands and feet; morning stiffness that lasts more than 30 minutes; symptoms that persist for more than a month. Early consultation can prevent complications and reduce the impact of RA on daily life.

Living Well with RA

A diagnosis of RA does not mean a life filled with pain or limitations. With early medical intervention, many patients go on to live active, productive lives. The key lies in shifting our perspective — from brushing off joint pain as “normal” to recognizing it as a possible sign of inflammatory disease. Let us break the silence around RA. The sooner we act, the better the outcomes.

For Appointments or More Information

Consult a certified rheumatologist or reach out to your nearest specialized clinic.